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自留讨论目录帖子
五大要素是:风格,角色,情节,背景,主题
【另外的要素,还包括冲突(conflict),题材(content),对白(dialogue),基调(tone)等,暂不涉猎这个方面的独立讨论,会掺合在其他五个主要素里一并讨论】
英文原刊引用
Characterization is often listed as one of the fundamental elements of fiction. A character is a participant in the story, and is usually a person, but may be any persona, identity, or entity whose existence originates from a fictional work or performance.
(角色是最基本的要素之一)
角色也可包含异类,某种符号,被比喻的对象,抽象的概念,团体的整体。中西皆同。
Point-of-view character: the character from whom the story is viewed.
(从角色的视角描写故事)
Protagonist: the main character of a story.
(主角)
Antagonist: the character that stands in opposition to the protagonist.
(对手)
Supporting character: A character that plays a part in the plot but is not major.
(配角)
Minor character: a character in a bit/cameo part.
(龙套)
Plot, or storyline, is often listed as one of the fundamental elements of fiction. It is the rendering and ordering of the events and actions of a story. On a micro level, plot consists of action and reaction, also referred to as stimulus and response. On a macro level, plot has a beginning, a middle, and an ending. Plot is often depicted as an arc with a zig-zag line to represent the rise and fall of action. Plot also has a mid-level structure: scene and sequel. A scene is a unit of drama—where the action occurs. Then, after a transition of some sort, comes the sequel—an emotional reaction and regrouping, an aftermath.
情节或者脉络,还有很中国化的词:关目。并有微观、宏观等三个层次。还有一种的含义,就是情节的推动和起伏发展过程。其中mid-level最是有趣,即所谓的“正集”和“续篇”的层面<正~续~的措词,或许还不太严谨>。
Setting, the location and time of a story, is often listed as one of the fundamental elements of fiction. Sometimes setting is referred to as milieu<环境,大背景>, to include a context (such as society) beyond the immediate surroundings<氛围> of the story. In some cases, setting becomes a character itself and can set the tone<基调> of a story.
故事背后的逻辑性大背景,所谓的时间点,空间点。(包含fictional universe的阐述)
Theme, a conceptual distillation of the story, is often listed as one of the fundamental elements of fiction. It is the central idea or insight serving as a unifying element, creating cohesion and is an answer to the question.
主题,作品的主旋律,故事精华的概括。一个逻辑统一的主观者(即作者,或者某个角色)的眼光。或者是对某些问题的一个答案。
Style is not so much what is written, but how it is written and interpreted. Style in fiction refers to language conventions used to construct the story or article. A fiction writer may manipulate diction<措辞法>, sentence structure<句子结构>, phrasing<构词法>, dialogue<对白>, and other aspects of language to create style or mood<情绪>. The communicative effect created by the author's style is sometimes referred to as the story's voice<格调>. Every writer has his or her own unique style, or voice. Style is sometimes listed as one of the fundamental elements of fiction.
这个涉及的是另一个重要的东西"Literary techniques or literary device"<文学技巧,不完全统计,来自西方文艺理论中,被具体化的概念约不少于50种,当然这个与庞大的、超过200种的西方修辞法相比,简直是小巫见大巫了>,如何写,也就是所谓的“写作手法”或者“文法”<金圣叹列了15种,包括了章法、句法、字法>。在西方还以军事上的战略、战术来比喻文学上的流派和文法风格。
角色塑造
主角之一:李英琼
之二:齐金蝉
之三:笑和尚
之四:凌云凤
之五:易静
之六:谢璎、谢琳
之七:癞姑
之八:李洪
作者告白式主角之一:周轻云(即所谓的“三英二云”)
之二:齐灵云
之三:余英南
之四:严人英
主述主角之一:周云从
之二:朱文
之三:杨瑾
之四:方瑛、元皓
之五:申屠宏、阮徵
前辈主角之一:凌浑(暂饱含异派主角类)
之二:藏灵子
之三:乙休
之四:天痴上人
之五:陷空老祖
之六:枯竹老人及卢妪
异派主角之一:红发老祖
之二:丌南公
之三:尸毗老人
之四:天残地缺
敌对主角之一:绿袍老祖
之二:毒龙尊者
之三:艳尸玉娘子崔盈
之四:鸠盘婆
之五:万妙仙姑许飞娘
异类反派主角之一:万载寒蚿
隐性反派主角之一:烈火祖师(含五台派祖师)
之二:哈哈老祖
之三:轩辕法王
配角
正面配角之一:妙一夫妇(齐漱溟,荀兰因)
之二:李宁
之三:邓八姑、玉清
之四:齐霞儿
之五:诸葛警我
配角之一:晓月禅师
反面配角之一:毒手摩什
异类配角之一:芝仙
之二:文蛛
龙套
正面龙套之一:醉道人
反面龙套之一:雷起龙
原型(Archetypes)讨论之一:李英琼vs还珠之三女
之二:绿袍vs还珠之某人
人物性格描述是否成功的讨论
还珠所使用的描写人物的手法一览
脸谱化吗?
情节(微观、宏观及其他)
大关目:大破慈云寺……峨嵋开府……幻波池。
中关目:……群仙赠礼(开府)……左右元(开府)……
小关目:……天、寒对白(开府-金轮度人)……
时空及文化大背景
仙与人的世界
佛、道修行的背景
《蜀山》的fictional universe
主题及思想
隐世
修道
隐政治情节(如小人国)
正邪观
中华传统文化的形而上式化入
风格
取名(name)
之一:艺术性、不重复性
之二:影射性
之三:代入感
文字(diction)
句法(syntax)
意蕴/意境
融诗入文(从《洛神赋》谈起)
静景描摹(早、中、晚;虚、实景致)
动境描摹
斗法描摹(后期《蜀山》的主体)
情节结构处理(storyline)
主述视角(point of view)(多变动态型)
[ 本帖最后由 三英二云 于 2008-8-1 07:43 编辑 ] |
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